Improvement in churns



No. 44,836. Patented OCI. 25. 1864.

mi #Tl UNITED STATES MOSES NEAL, OF KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TONEAL dw FINOH, OF SAME PLACE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. dht, dated October 25,1864.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MOSES NEAL, of the l city and county ot' Kalamazoo,in the State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful l Improvementin Ohurns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making part of tiis specitication, in which- Figure l is avertical section of a churn exhibiting my'invention. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section of the same in the line m m. Fig. 3 is a detachedperspective view illustrating more clearly the construction ofthe breakshereinafter described.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

This invention consists, first, in the employment of certain devices,hereinafter described, which render the formation of the butter moreeffectual and expeditious second, in a 1 novel medium for varying thetemperature of the air within the churn, so as to regulate i that of themilkin order to better adapt it to l undergo the churning process.

In order that others skilled in the art to which my invention appertainsmay be enabled to fully understand and use the same, I

l to the shaft, so as to rotate therewith and act upon the milk with therequisite force without sustaining injury by having their ends insertedinto corresponding` apertures in the shaft or by being attached theretoby an y adequate appliance. Near the point at which the shaft Bisjournaled in the standard U at its upper end, and rigidly secured uponsaid shaft, is a bevel cog-wheel, D, to which a rotary motion istransmitted from a niiter gearwheel, E,the latter being keyed upon theend of a short shaft, e, which has its bearing and turns within a boxedformed or cast upon the top of the standard O. Through the medium ofthese devices the shaft B, with the wings B', may be rotat-ated at ahigh velocity by means of ahand-crank, E.

G G represent breaks formed with flanges G G, whereby they are adaptedto be secun d upon the inner sides ofthe chui-n A by cleats g g. Thebreaks G are located at a suitable point above the wings B', so that thelatter may revolve directly beneath them and the cleats g g admit of thevertical adjustment of the breaks G, in order that when alarger orsmaller quantity of cream is to undergo the churning process the breaksmay be elevated or lowered to such positions as will best adapt willproceed to describe its construction and i them to perform theirfunctions. rIhe cleats operation.

In the accompanying drawings, A repref cleaning purposes.

sents the receptacle for the cream, which may be cylindrical, or nearlyso, and constructed f in any suitable manner. The lid A is held down byhooks a, which take into staples a', i and a portion of said lid may bedetached in order to admit ofthe introduction of the cream or theremoval of the butter.

B is a shaft placed vertically and centrally within the 1e1epacle A, thesaid shaft being journaled at its respective ends in the bottom ot' thereceptacle and in a box formed in a metallic standard, O, secured uponthe lid A of the shaft B will admit ot' its free rotation, and near itslower end the said shaft is proalso permit the breaks to be removed forThese breaks G in their transverse section have the form of an are, thecream being forced against their concave sides by the action of thewings B. The vertical or whirling motion of the cream imparted by thewings B causes the same to rise spirally, and in doing this the circularmotion of the current is intercepted by the breaks G, and when thecurrent thus comes in contact with the breaks it circulates inconformity with the concave face of the same, and at the same timeslightly ascends in consequence of the spiral motion above alluded tonThis curbackward and downward direction in curved form and the tendencyof this downward curvided with wings or dashers B', which rerent iscontrary to that of the main body cirvolve with the shaft B in thedirection indi' culating within the churn, hence when that cated by thearrow. Thedrawings represent portion of the cream which is interceptedby i three of these wings; but the number may be and is reversed withinthe eoncavity of the l l l l by screws or otherwise. Both the bearings|rent is thrown continually in a reverse or varied as desired, and theymay be secured; break is returned in the manner described,

a collision or mutual impact of the two bodies takes place, and thiscollision produces the rapid condensation ofthe cream.

As illustrated in Fig. 2, the acting-faces of l the Wings B arepresented in an upward direetion, which increases the uprising tendencyof the cream when the churn is in operation. Two of the breaks willproduce the above effeet in a most satisfactory manner, but I propose touse one, two, or more, as experience may prove to be desirable. i

It may be remarked that the form ot' the l wings or d ashers B' does notconstitute an essentiality of my invention inasmuch as any common dasherrevolving horizontally will produce the desired effect.

The breaks may beprovided With caps 0292.

It is well known that cream is in its best churning condition when at acertain temperature. This temperature is varied to a great extent bythenatural variations of heat, and hence hot or cold water has hithertobeen added to or mixed with the cream to bring thexsame to the desiredtemperature. This is objectionableinasmuch as the mingling of the Waterwith the cream interferes with l the quality of the butter produced. I

I employ an expedient whereby the temperature of the cream is reduced orheightl, ened through the medium of the atmospheric lng as thetemperture ot' the cream or of the surrounding air is too low or toohigh. In

` this manner the temperature ot' the cream may be eil'ectually variedWithout mingling` any extraneous matter with the cream.

Havingthus described my invention, I Wish it understood that I do notclaim the shaft with inclined dashers separately or in combi-V nationwith straight breakers; out

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is`

The combination of the dashers with tlie cup-shaped detachable breakers,constructed,

` arranged, and operating substantially as described and represented.

MOSES NEAL. Witnesses: j ALEX. A. G. KLAUCKE, CHARLES D. SMITH.

